Define formalization and mention its advantages and disadvantages for leaders and followers essay

Define formalization and mention its advantages and disadvantages for leaders and followers essay Define formalization and mention its advantages and disadvantages for leaders and followers essay Define formalization and mention its advantages and disadvantages for leaders and followers essayFormalization is the strict organizational structure and set of rules and regulations that determine relationships within the organization. Formalization aims at the establishment of highly formal relationships between the leader and followers based on their professional relations. Formalization does not admit the establishment of close personal relationships, including friendly relations, between the leader and followers. Formalization is a bureaucratic process, in a way, because leaders set clear, concise rules, which the organization and followers have to respect.At first glance, formalization is absolutely positive. At any rate, formalization enhances consistently the leadership because formalization introduces comprehensible and concise rules, which the organization has to follow. More important, the leader becomes the authority and can take decisions that will have consequences for the entire organization, which the leader heads on the ground of the rules established due to the formalization (Madsen Shafritz, 2010). The maintenance of formal relationships between the leader and his/her followers allows the leader to exercise his/her authority to the full extent because there remains little room for personal relations. For example, if a follower violates existing rules, the leader should not just forgive the issue because the follower is his/her friend. Instead, the leader applies the established procedure of punishment or certain sanctions to discourage followers from braking rules of the organization. At the same time, formalization helps to establish clear and comprehensive rules and regulate relationships between the leader and followers effectively without wasting time on the establishment of positive interpersonal relations. Instead, the leader and subordinates just follow established rules and norms.On the other hand, there are disadvantages of formaliz ation because formal leaders bear the full responsibility for their organization. Formalization contributes to the establishment of highly formal relations between the leader and followers. However, such relations are quite challenging for followers because they cannot feel the personal support from the part of the leader. Instead, they feel being a part of the rigid machine, where their relations are highly formalized and there is no room for more personal, friendly relations. In such a way, formalization widens gap between the leader and followers. As a result, formalization makes organizational relations very rigid and highly formal.Formalization raises the problem of the low flexibility of interpersonal relations between the leader and his/her followers. The leader and followers have to operate only within the framework of organizational rules and norms. These rules are essential but they prevent any changes in interpersonal relations, which may be essential, when the leader att empts to motivate followers by providing them with positive feedback, for example, because such motivation is rather informal than formal.Thus, formalization brings not only benefits to the leader and his/her followers but also responsibilities. The formal leader bears the lion share of responsibilities for outcomes of the organizational performance and, therefore, has to come prepared to perform at his/her best all the time.

Smoke Bomb Safety Information

Smoke Bomb Safety Information Its easy to make a smoke bomb and actually pretty safe, but when you read about projects online its hard to tell which ones are safe as in you probably wont die or poison yourself and which fall into the category of Id let me own kids do this. Generally, its safe for teens to make smoke bombs with adult oversight, while younger explorers need direct adult supervision. Key Takeaways: Smoke Bombs Homemade smoke bombs are made using potassium nitrate and sugar, which are both found in food. While not intended to be eaten, they are largely non-toxic.Some smoke bomb recipes call for cooking the ingredients, which presents the risk of fire or smoke. Smoke bombs do not explode.Adult supervision is recommended. What are some safety considerations of the project? This reader email covers the important questions: My 13-yr old son wants to make a homemade smoke bomb (with adult supervision). Before conducting this home chemistry experiment, I want to be sure this can be done safely. What are the risks/potential dangers associated with this procedure? Is there any risk of the smoke bomb exploding, or igniting rapidly? Under what circumstances? What should should we watch out for? Also, where is the best place to buy a small quantity of potassium nitrate? Is it still available at most garden stores? Some stump removers use other chemicals; and some don’t list ingredients at all. Any advice most appreciated! Smoke bombs are made by reacting potassium nitrate (saltpeter) with sugar over low burner heat. The project wont harm your cookware, plus the ingredients are safe enough that you can use the dishes you would use for eating, as long as you clean them. The MSDS for potassium nitrate provides handling and safety details, but Ill summarize the relevant points. Though potassium nitrate is found in some foods, you dont want to eat the pure powder. Its reactive, so it will cause itching and/or burning if you inhale any or get it on your skin. Potassium nitrate should be stored away from heat or flame. The chemical isnt flammable, but its extremely reactive. Heat promotes reactions, which you dont want occurring on a shelf in your garage, for example. Follow the safety instructions on the container. If you get it on your skin, immediately rinse it off with water. If you spill potassium nitrate on the counter while making the smoke bomb, wipe it off with water. You want good ventilation while heating the ingredients, as from a vented fan. An outdoor stove would be a good option. The big thing to watch for is spilling the mixture on the burner because it will catch on fire and smoke. If that happens, youll get a lot of smoke and probably set off your smoke alarm. The smoke itself is no more or less dangerous than wood smoke, which means you dont want to take deep breaths of it. Ignite the smoke bomb outdoors. I cant envision a scenario where it would be possible to cause the smoke bomb to explode. How much flame you get depends on the potassium nitrate to sugar ratio. You can go from a smoky blob that will barely burn to a fast-burning fiery smoke bomb. If you set the smoke bomb on a combustible surface (like dried leaves), it could start a fire. If you need to put out the smoke bomb, you can douse it with water. The hardest part about making a smoke bomb is finding the potassium nitrate. In some places, it may be sold next to Epsom salts in the pharmacy section of a store. It is found in some garden supply centers as a fertilizer. It is sold as a food preservative for making salted meats. If youre highly motivated and have some time, you could even prepare it yourself. However, its probably easiest to buy a small quantity online (e.g., Sargent-Welch). Supposedly some Indian food stores sell it as an ingredient named Kala Nimak. If youre in the UK, search online for a list of places that offer potassium nitrate. Its harder to find than in the past, not so much because it can be used to make gunpowder as because better products are available for most applications.